A Dying Star Reveals More Evidence for New Kind of Black Hole

Philip Kaaret of the University of Iowa, Iowa City,
announced these results today in Science Express.
Most galaxies possess at their core a supermassive black hole, containing the
mass of millions to billions of suns confined to a region no larger than our
solar system. In fact, most of these
black hole mass estimates have been based solely on a calculation of how
strong a gravitational pull is needed to produce light of a given intensity.
The crossbar architecture is potentially easier and less expensive
to manufacture than conventional silicon technology, because it
doesn't require the same level of mechanical precision and is
well-suited to tolerate the inevitable defects that are bound to occur
in the fabrication process at such tiny dimensions."
To that end, QSR researchers are examining the properties of
various metals for wires and materials for switches that could be used
in fabrication at the nano level. "That's why we're publishing in the scientific
literature and holding our own symposium.com

This news release contains forward-looking statements that involve
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implied by such forward-looking statements and assumptions. HP assumes no obligation and does not intend to update
these forward-looking statements.

mechanically relativity

"We believe we have a practical , comprehensive strategy for moving
computing beyond silicon to the world of molecular-scale electronics ,"
said Stan Williams, HP Senior Fellow and director, Quantum Science
Research (QSR), HP Labs.

"Our special issue presents pioneering achievements by world-class
experts in areas ranging from basic nanoscience and ultraprecise
nanotechnology to breakthrough applications for nanoelectronics , many
of them backed by important new patents," said Stuke.
Williams said QSR is also looking at fundamental science
underlying computing at the molecular scale. One
paper in the publication describes how silicon nanowires are
especially useful as sensors to detect specific DNA molecules .

quantizing schwarzschild

Jean Swank, Rossi Explorer project scientist at NASA's Goddard Space Flight
Center, Greenbelt , Md. The cluster near M82 X-1 has a
high-enough density to form such a black hole.
"It was formed in a 'super' star cluster; the black hole then captured a
companion star; the companion star evolved to the giant stage; and we now see
it as an extremely luminous X-ray source because the companion star has
expanded and is feeding the black hole. "There's a
great tradition of technology transfer at HP," said Williams. "We work
only on those things that we believe could ultimately be important to
HP's bottom line in the future. Lotsch, is an
international journal for the rapid publication of experimental and
theoretical investigations in applied research.

relativity analogs

"We found a rise and fall in X-ray light every 62 days, likely caused by
the orbit of the companion star around the black hole ," said Simet. This fits the
scenario of a bloated super-giant star losing mass at a rate high enough to
fuel M82 X-1."
Williams said that HP Labs has discussed these ideas separately
before, but the special edition of Applied Physics A -- which includes
papers dealing with each of the three areas -- provides an opportunity
for a detailed look at HP's overall approach. They are also proposing ways in
which the tiny devices could be linked to conventional
microelectronics.

singularities spacetime

The star's period and location already fit into
the main theory of how these black holes could form. Yet for now,
knowing just the orbital period is very revealing. But the 62-day orbital
period implies that the companion must have a very low density.
Finally, the HP group is examining how future devices could be
made -- practically and economically -- at the nanoscale.
The researchers are also looking at a variety of fabrication
processes, from nano-imprint lithography -- a kind of production
process akin to a traditional printing press -- to chemical
self-assembly by growing silicon nanowires between electrodes.

eruptions analogs

"
A black hole is an object so dense and with a gravitational force so
intense that nothing, not even light, can escape its pull once within its
boundary."
These suspected mid-mass black holes are called ultra-luminous X-ray
objects because they are bright sources of X -rays."
The HP vision is based on its patented crossbar architecture --
one set of parallel nanowires running approximately perpendicular to
another set, sandwiching a thin layer of an electrically switchable
material. Applied Physics A
publishes regular articles, rapid communications, and invited papers
about new results, focusing on the condensed phase including
nanostructured materials and their applications. For the four fiscal quarters ended Jan. More information about HP is available at
www .hp. Risks, uncertainties and assumptions
include the development, performance and market acceptance of products
and services and other risks that are described from time to time in
HP's Securities and Exchange Commission reports, including but not
limited to HP's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended
Oct.

listens relativistic

With the discovery of the star and its orbital period, scientists are now
one step away from measuring the mass of such a black hole, a step which would
help verify its existence.nasa.html

For more information about NASA and agency programs on the Web, visit:

http://www.

Business Editors/High-Tech Editors

PALO ALTO, Calif.
In conjunction with the publication, HP is pursuing the
multi-tiered theme in an invitation-only international nanotechnology
symposium at HP Labs on March 25.

westra spacetime

A
leading theory proposes that a multitude of star collisions over a short
period in a crowded region will create a short-lived gigantic star that
collapses into a 1,000-solar-mass black hole.
"With this discovery of the orbital period, we now have a consistent
picture of the whole evolution of a mid -mass black hole binary," said Kaaret. "When you can make a computing appliance so
tiny that it could fit across the width of a hair, you could enable
many, many different things to become 'smart.K. HP shall not be
liable for technical or editorial errors or omissions contained
herein.

assumed relativistic

"Computers of tomorrow could be quite different from what they are
today," said Williams.' Computing could become
as ubiquitous as electricity -- it's just there, making things work. We are
studying how we can use quantum properties to enable new functions in
a circuit," he said.

mcirvin eruptions

27 issue of Science.
"In the past decade, several satellites have found evidence of a new class
of black holes, which could be between 100 and 10,000 solar masses," said Dr. "There has been debate about the masses and how these
black holes would form. "The
velocity will be hard to determine, however, because the star is located in
such a dust-obscured area.gov/centers/goddard/news/topstory/2005/new_blackhole .gov/home

Applied Physics is published by Springer, the world's
second-largest publishing company in the science, technology and
medicine (STM) sector.

thermodynamics mcirvin

This makes it hard for optical and infrared
telescopes to observe the star and make velocity calculations."
The suspected mid -mass black hole, known as M82 X-1, is a well-studied
ultra-luminous X-ray object in a nearby star cluster containing about a
million stars packed into a region only about 100 light years across.

No normal companion could
provide enough fuel to make M82 X-1 shine so brightly.----

HP Research Featured in Key Technical Publication; International
Nanotechnology Symposium Scheduled at HP Labs

For the first time, HP (NYSE:HPQ) (Nasdaq:HPQ) has laid out in
one place a comprehensive, practical strategy for a computing future
beyond traditional silicon technology . One of the papers
in the publication describes a new approach to defect tolerance that
is particularly suited to the crossbar structure. The high print quality ensures excellent reproduction of
photographs obtained in fields such as scanning probe microscopy. The information
contained herein is subject to change without notice.

singularity holes

A black hole region becomes visible when matter falls toward it and
heats to high temperatures. These form from the collapse of very massive stars. All of us in the scientific
and technical community have much to learn from one another.

mcirvin unruh

Scientists do not know how these form , but it likely entails
the collapse of enormous quantities of primordial gas.

Beyond Silicon: HP Outlines Comprehensive Strategy for Molecular-scale Electronics

spacetime schwarzschild

singularities eruptions

"As a result, gas from the star is spilling into the
black hole, causing the whole region to light up.P.

hawking gravitational

Michael Stuke, editor-in-chief,
Applied Physics A, will join 16 prominent scientists from
universities, national labs, scientific institutes and companies
around the world at the event. "The combination
of this publication and the HP-hosted symposium offers researchers a
unique opportunity to gain a comprehensive view of the challenges
facing the future of nanotechnology. Every intersection of wires can then form an electrical
switch , which could be programmed to configure the crossbar to perform
various functions, such as store a bit or perform a logic operation.
"At the nano level, quantum mechanics takes over from classical
physics -- electrons behave more like waves than particles. Theoretical physicists working in QSR have
contributed articles on quantum effects to the special edition.

hawking spacetime

At that point, a new type of technology will be
required to continue improving basic computing capability well into
this century .
The possibilities are limited only by human imagination. The company's offerings span IT infrastructure ,
global services, business and home computing, and imaging and
printing.

apod relativity

, Scientists using NASA 's Rossi X-ray
Timing Explorer have found a doomed star orbiting what appears to be a medium-
sized black hole -- a theorized "in-between" category of black hole that has
eluded confirmation and frustrated scientists for more than a decade. Rossi has provided major new insight.
"Clearly, there's a lot of work to do before nanoscale devices
become reality, and no one organization will ever be able to do it
alone," said Williams.

singularity popularization

This is a well-studied
region of the sky, and we spotted the star with a little luck and a lot of
perseverance.nasa.

(C) 2005 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.

unruh popularization

"We caught this otherwise ordinary star in a unique stage in its
evolution, toward the end of its life when it has bloated into a red giant
phase," said Kaaret.
Our galaxy is filled with millions of stellar-mass black holes, each with
the mass of a few suns."
There is a great deal of discussion concerning the future of
Moore's Law -- the rule formulated by Intel founder Gordon Moore more
than 40 years ago that computing power essentially doubles every two
years -- and when the industry will hit economic or fundamental
physical limitations.V. 31, 2005, HP revenue
totaled $81. 31, 2004.

apod wormholes

The results will also
appear in the Jan. This light is emitted before the matter crosses
the border, called the event horizon. "We have a three-pronged approach:
fundamental scientific research into the quantum effects that dominate
the nanometer scale, a new architecture that can tolerate defects in
molecular-sized circuit components and cost-effective methods of
fabrication ."
Applied Physics, founded in 1973 by H.8 billion. All
statements other than statements of historical fact are statements
that could be deemed forward-looking statements, including the
expected development , performance or rankings of products or services;
statements of expectation or belief; and any statement of assumptions
underlying any of the foregoing.

schwarzschild spacetime

A team led by Prof."

For more information about these results, visit:

http://www. In addition to those
about surfaces and thin films , papers on advanced processing and
characterization techniques are of interest for the readers of this
journal.

unruh listens

Using straightforward Newtonian
physics, scientists can calculate an object's mass once they know an orbital
period and velocity of smaller objects rotating around it.
The vision -- and the challenges -- are captured in nearly two
dozen papers published today in a special nanotechnology edition of
Applied Physics A, the premier European journal of applied physics. The international publishing house is part of
Springer Science+Business Media, one of the world's leading suppliers
of scientific and specialist literature.

redshift westra

About HP

HP is a technology solutions provider to consumers, businesses and
institutions globally.

listens mechanically

GREENBELT, Md.
Kaaret's group at the University of Iowa, which includes Prof. Cornelia
Lang and Melanie Simet, an undergraduate , made a measurement that can be used
in the equation to directly calculate mass.